Eastern Region Governor Colonel Hubert Yamogo said it was not immediately clear who was behind Wednesday’s attack against residents of the rural commune of Madjori.
Yameogo said in a statement that the victims were traveling to a town in the nearby commune of Palma, close to the border between Benin and Togo.
Al Qaeda and ISIS-linked Islamist militants have taken over Burkina Faso in recent years, part of a wider insurgency in West Africa’s semi-arid Sahel region.
Violence has expanded and intensified over the past decade, killing thousands of civilians each year.
The conflict is now spreading to coastal West African countries such as Benin and Togo. Eight soldiers were killed and 13 wounded in northern Togo this month, possibly the first deadly raid by Islamist militants in Togo.
Wednesday’s attack in Burkina Faso follows two others in Madjori this month. One killed 17 civilians and the other 11 soldiers.
Angered by the worsening of militant attacks, military officials overthrew Burkina Faso’s president in January and vowed to improve security, but the level of violence remains high.