Last week, a volcano erupted in the sea off the South Pacific island of Tonga. Tonga has since been cut off from the rest of the world, as communication cables have been damaged. According to the New Zealand government, it may take a month to recover. The tsunami was caused by the eruption of a volcano.
NASA scientist James Garwin has estimated that the eruption of the volcano was 500 times greater than the 10-megaton nuclear bomb the US dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. Know how the volcano erupted in water…
How many volcanoes are there in the world?
There are 1350 active volcanoes in the world. According to the US Geological Survey, most of these are within 40 thousand km of the Pacific region. These are called Ring of Fire. It is responsible for 90% of the world’s earthquakes.
How do volcanoes emerge from underwater?
There are about a million volcanoes within the ocean. Most of these have become extinct. According to the Global Foundation for Ocean Exploration Group, ‘about three-quarters of the volcanic activity takes place in the water.
When a volcano erupts, volcanic gases are released due to magma coming towards the surface of the earth. She looks for a way out. This creates pressure. When these gases reach the water, the water vaporizes, increasing the pressure.
How did the tsunami come?
According to Australian volcanologist Ray Cass, the intensity of the eruption in Tonga indicated that a large amount of gas was released under enormous pressure. It is possible that the waves of tremors passing through the water have turned into a tsunami.
How long did the effects of the volcano eruption last?
According to Garwin, such an explosion has never been seen before in the last 100 years. The echo of this explosion reached Alaska 9744 km away. The waves after the explosion in New Zealand, about 2300 km away, also caused damage.
What will happen next?
NASA says that it is likely that there will not be such a severe and explosion in a long time.
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